High fidelity simulation for a bulk carrier by using URANS and DES turbulence models

Abstract

This study investigates the turbulent wake behind a bulk carrier hull form, JBC, using both Unsteady Reynolds- Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) and Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) approaches. Simulations were conducted under fixed sinkage and trim conditions, focusing on total resistance, free-surface wave patterns and turbulence behavior near the hull. The predicted resistance and wave profiles showed good agreement with experimental measurements, with both turbulence models producing similar trends. In the near wall region around the stern, velocity and turbulent kinetic energy distributions captured key flow features at selected locations. However, notable discrepancies were found along the side of the stern bulb. The simulation failed to reproduce statistically reliable turbulence characteristics within vortex cores although coherent vortex structures were captured. These limitations highlight the need for further investigation with refined modelling strategies and enhanced resolution in critical regions.